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An Educational Guide to Patellar Subluxation

The largest sesamoid bone in the body is Patella and it sits over the knee joint. Patella not only supports the knee joint but also helps its smooth movement. An injury to the patella not only restricts the range of motion of the joint but also makes it difficult for the person to bear weight on the injured leg. Sometimes, the injury is so severe that surgery is required for the treatment. 

One of the conditions that affect the patella is known as patellar subluxation, and we will be discussing this in the post. 

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What is Patellar Subluxation?

A subluxation means partial dislocation of a bone and when it comes to patellar subluxation, it is characterized by a partial dislocation of the patella. This condition is also known as patellar instability or kneecap instability. 

Kneecap is supported by a group of muscles and tendons, and when it becomes dislocated, these muscles also get injured. When the kneecap is pushed outside of the knee joint, a ligament named the medial patellofemoral ligament (MPFL) gets injured. In such cases, it is very important to fix this ligament, if not, the risk of a second dislocation will be there. 

What Causes Patellar Subluxation?

Dislocations always occur because of traumatic events and a similar is the case with patellar subluxations. So, some of the common causes of patellar subluxation include:

  • Automobile accidents

  • Contact sports injuries

  • Sudden awkward twisting of the knee

 

What Are the Symptoms of Patellar Subluxation?

Patellar subluxation is painful and some of the common signs and symptoms associated with the condition include:

  • Locking, catching, and buckling of the knee

  • Slipping of the kneecap outside the joint

  • Pain in the front of the knee that becomes worse with activity

  • Pain after prolonged sitting

  • Stiffness and swelling in the affected knee

  • Popping or cracking sound in the knee

 

If you experience any of these signs, there might be a chance of patellar subluxation. In such situations, it is very important to consult an orthopedic specialist. 

What is the Diagnosis for Patellar Subluxation?

A thorough physical examination is critical in the correct diagnosis of patellar subluxation. Here, the healthcare service provider will ask the patient to bend and straighten the injured to examine the area near the kneecap. Now, the confirmation of the condition and its severity will be provided by imaging tests. They will include:

  • X-ray

  • MRI

 

What is the Treatment for Patellar Subluxation?

The severity of the patellar subluxation decides the feasible treatment of the condition. In mild cases, non-surgical methods can help improve the condition. They include:

  • RICE i.e., Rest, Ice, Compression, and Elevation

  • NSAIDs to improve pain and inflammation

  • Physical therapy to regain the range of motion & strength

  • Braces or cast to immobilize the injured knee

 

When it comes to surgery, it is often performed when repeat episodes of partial dislocation are experienced. Here are the surgical options available:

  • Medial Patellofemoral Ligament Reconstruction 

  • Tibial Tuberosity Transfer

  • Lateral Release Surgery


For a CE-certified range of orthopedic implants and instruments, contact Siora Surgicals Pvt. Ltd., an experienced orthopedic device manufacturer in India. The company is also going to participate in Florida International Medical Expo 2023.

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